Piles or Hemorrhoids are one of the most common of all anal pathologies. They present as swollen blood vessels in the anus and the lower rectum. Hemorrhoidal columns are vascular cushions present in the utero that develop symptoms. They are prolapsed, inflamed, enlarged and thrombosed. Due to this abnormality, the arteriovenous plexus are dilated and engorged. The suspensory muscles are stretched leading to a rectal prolapse through the anal canal.
Piles or Hemorrhoids causes
Obesity
Straining and constipation
Pregnancy
Portal hypertension and anorectal varices
Genetics and heredity
Chronic diarrhea
Raised anal resting pressures
Spinal cord injury
Hepatic disease
IBD or inflammatory bowel disease
Types of Piles or Hemorrhoids
Internal hemorrhoids
Present in the embryonic endoderm
They are usually painless
Bleeding is the only symptom noticed
They can also prolapse and protrude outside the anal sphincter
Prolapsed hemorrhoids can cause pain
External hemorrhoids
Develop in the ectoderm
They are painful
Itching and irritation are experienced
They can be seen and felt when prolapsed or moved
Evidence of thrombosis (blood clots) maybe seen in the prolapsed hemorrhoids
Thrombosed hemorrhoids are purple and can bleed
Signs and symptoms of Piles
Painless bleeding
Red noticed on toilet paper or toilet bowl
Itching and irritation
Discomfort and formation of lumps in the anal region
Swelling
Sensitive and painful enlargement in the anal area
Leaking of feces
Diagnosis of Piles or Hemorrhoids
Physical examination: Digital rectal examination: a probe is inserted to identify :
External hemorrhoids that are acutely thrombosed, with large amounts of bleeding; patient sensation of dizziness and a feeling of fainting are all emergencies. Incision and drainage is done within 48 to 72 hours of the onset of symptoms.
Recommended surgical Therapies at Jacob’s Hospital
Surgical hemorrhoidectomy:
Extremely effective treatment
Especially meant for Grade III and Grade IV hemorrhoids
Done under anesthesia
Incision is made around the anus and the hemorrhoids are cut away
Stapler device used to remove a cuff of mucosa from the anorectum
Blood supply is cut and hemorrhoids get obliterated by getting pulled up
Done under anaesthesia
Painless after surgery
Needs only a day or two of admission at the hospital
Infrared Coagulation
Infrared beams coagulate the vessel supplying the hemorrhoids
The hemorrhoid falls off
Painless
Walk in and walk out procedure
Done for grade 1 hemorrhoids
Band ligation
A tight rubber band is applied to the hemorrhoid which necroses and falls off
Also painless
For grade-1 piles
Injection sclerotherapy
Sclerosant chemical injected into the hemorrhoid causing it to necrose and fall off Also for grade-1 hemorrhoids Under the expert supervision of Dr. Zubin Jacob, Jacob’s hospitalprovides a variety of repairs for all types of piles. Jacobs Multispeciality Hospital Kochi, Ernakulam provides Piles Treatment or Hemorrhoids treatment by Surgical methods.