The thyroid gland is one of the most important endocrine organs in the body. Located below the cricoid and thyroid cartilages the size of the gland varies according to the iodine intake and size of the individual. The thyroid gland is responsible for preparation and secretion of the thyroxine hormone into the blood stream when required by the body. The pituitary gland controls the release of the hormone. The thyroid controls the body’s metabolism.